The cement grades indicate how much rolling resistance the cement has. After 28 days of adequate curing, the cement strength (compressive strength) was generally measured.
Because curing controls the rate of hydration of the cement, proper curing is critical for determining the total compressive strength of the cement.
Ordinary Portland cement is available in grades 33, 43, and 53. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, these grades are distinguished by their compressive strengths, measured in megapascals (Mpa) or N/mm2.
Compressive strength is a load per unit area proportion. The load is calculated in newtons (N), and the area is calculated in millimeters squared (mm2). The following are the distinctions between cement grades 33, 43, and 53:
Generally, three different types of cement are used, which are,
- Grade-33 Cement.
- Grade-43 Cement.
- Grade-53 Cement.
What IS Grade 33 Cement?
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Grade 33 When compared to other grades, Portland cement has high workability. In plaster and masonry mortars, grade 33 was commonly used.
Intensity = 300 kg/m2
Crush strength 3 days later = 16 N/mm2 after 7 days, force = 22 N/mm2 after 28 days, force = 33 N/mm2 after 33 days.
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What Is Grade 43 Cement?
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In the construction of reinforced concrete, also known as R.C.C., Portland Grade 43 cement was commonly used. Class 43 is used in R.M.C., also known as pre-mixed concrete, and precast concrete for construction purposes.
The fineness will be equal to 225 kg/m2.
Crush resistance 3 days later = 23 N/mm2 after 7 days, force = 33 N/mm2 after 28 days, force = 43 N/mm2 after 43 days.
Grade 43 cement has a high resistance to sulfate and low chloride content. Class 43 cement has a high working capacity and produces a good and smooth exit surface.
What Is Grade 53 Cement?
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Low chloride content was found in grade 53 Portland cement, and grade 53 cement has excellent sulfate resistance.
Because this grade of Portland cement has higher strength compared to other grades, less cement is needed overall.
Grade 53 cement is mainly used in:
- Construction of Bridges.
- Construction of precast civil construction.
- Construction of factories, buildings, etc. (Strength required for buildings).
- Construction of concrete sleeper (for railways).
The fineness of grade 53 will be = 225 kg/m2 Crush resistance 3 days later = 27 N/mm2 after 7 days, force = 37 N/mm2
After 28 days, force = 53 N/mm2
\After 28 days of proper curing, cement of grade 53 reaches a high strength. Without proper healing, one cannot properly acquire strength.
Difference Between 33, 43, and 53 Grade Cement
1. Grade of Cement: I.S. Codes- For 33 grade, IS 269 is used
- For 43 grade, IS 8112 is used
- For 53 grade, IS 12269 is used
2. Grade of Cement: Compressive strength
Sand and water from the cement are combined, vibrated, and cured before being formed into cubes to determine the compressive strength.
After three days, seven days, and 28 days, these cubes are tested in a lab setting at 27 ° C. The cement classification reveals the concrete's compressive strength after 28 days of placement.
3. Grade of Cement: Initial strength
Here, you can see that cement 53 has an initial strength higher than cement 33grde or 43.
Due to the initial gain, grade 53 cement's strength does not significantly increase after 28 days, whereas grade 33 and 43 cement continue to strengthen.
Over time, the cement of grades 33 and 43 will develop a maximum strength equal to that of the cement of grade 53.
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4. Grade of Cement: Heat of Hydration
The 53-grade cement releases heat of hydration during the initial setup much more quickly than the 33 and 43 cement.
As a result, there is a much higher likelihood of microcracks, some of which may not be apparent at first glance. Supervisors of construction sites or masons frequently add more cement to the mixture.
They believe that doing this will make the concrete stronger and more resilient. However, it causes tiny cracks in the concrete.
Because of this, grade 53 cement should only be used in situations where the need for stronger concrete is justified, good supervision and quality assurance procedures are in place, and appropriate measures are taken to reduce the greatest heat of hydration through a suitable healing process.
The medium heat of hydration released by 43-grade cement is. Low hydration heat is released by the cement of grade 33.
5. Price of Grade Cement
- The price of 33-grade cement is lower than 43-grade cement.
- The 43-grade cement price is higher than 33 but lower than 53.
- The price of cement 53 is higher than 33 and 43.
6. Uses of Cement Grade
33-grade cement is currently infrequently used. Most manufacturers now use P.P.C. Low-strength concrete, such as concrete below M20, is frequently made with 33-grade cement.
In P.C.C. and R.C.C. projects, 43-grade cement is used ideally where the concrete grade is up to M30.
It is also advised for other projects where the first few days are strong but not crucial, such as plastering, tiles, masonry and stone masonry, flooring, and paths.
Various types of buildings, bridges, culverts, roads, water retention structures, etc., are also finished with it.
Building – Activity
- A precast concrete item includes paving blocks, tiles, building blocks, pipes, sleepers, masts, etc.
- Work in prestressed concrete, such as bridges, silos, etc.
- Track, concrete roads, bridges.
- Concreting for cold weather, cement grout, instant clogging, etc.